Reminder

Valid exemptions for not fulfilling the obligations of fasting Ramadan fall under five major categories. (This does not include menstrual and postnatal bleeding.) Anyone who breaks a Ramadan fasting day with a valid exemption must simply make up the missed day before the following Ramadan (or offer appropriate redemption if fasting is not possible). If someone breaks a Ramadan fast without a valid exemption, this entails a penalty of expiation known in Arabic as kaffarah, or “covering over,” such as fasting consecutively for two months, if one is able.